Railways:
total:
46,300 km including 18,866 km electrified and 14,768 km double- or
multiple-tracked (1996)
note:
since privatization in 1994, Deutsche Bahn AG (DBAG) no longer publishes
details of the tracks it owns; in addition to the DBAG system there are 102
privately owned railway companies which own an approximate 3,000 km to
4,000 km of the total tracks
Highways:
total:
656,074 km
paved:
650,169 km (including 11,309 km of expressways)
unpaved:
5,905 km all-weather (1997 est.)
Waterways:
7,467 km (1997); major rivers include the Rhine and Elbe; Kiel Canal is an
important connection between the Baltic Sea and North Sea
Pipelines:
crude oil 2,460 km (1997)
Ports and harbors:
Berlin, Bonn, Brake, Bremen, Bremerhaven, Cologne, Dresden, Duisburg,
Emden, Hamburg, Karlsruhe, Kiel, Lubeck, Magdeburg, Mannheim, Rostock,
Stuttgart
Merchant marine:
total:
594 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 7,699,596 GRT/9,629,163 DWT
ships by type:
cargo 227, chemical tanker 15, combination bulk 1, container 306, liquefied
gas tanker 5, multifunction large-load carrier 5, oil tanker 7, passenger
3, railcar carrier 2, refrigerated cargo 2, roll-on/roll-off cargo 14,
short-sea passenger 7 (1998 est.)
Airports:
618 (1998 est.)
Airportswith paved runways:
total:
319
over 3,047 m:
14
2,438 to 3,047 m:
62
1,524 to 2,437 m:
68
914 to 1,523 m:
54
under 914 m:
121 (1998 est.)
Airportswith unpaved runways:
total:
299
over 3,047 m:
2
2,438 to 3,047 m:
6
1,524 to 2,437 m:
6
914 to 1,523 m:
58
under 914 m:
227 (1998 est.)
Heliports:
61 (1998 est.)