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Uzbekistan Geography 1999

    Location: Central Asia, north of Afghanistan

    Geographic coordinates: 41 00 N, 64 00 E

    Map references: Commonwealth of Independent States

    Area:
    total: 447,400 sq km
    land: 425,400 sq km
    water: 22,000 sq km

    Area—comparative: slightly larger than California

    Land boundaries:
    total: 6,221 km
    border countries: Afghanistan 137 km, Kazakhstan 2,203 km, Kyrgyzstan 1,099 km, Tajikistan 1,161 km, Turkmenistan 1,621 km

    Coastline: 0 km
    note: Uzbekistan includes the southern portion of the Aral Sea with a 420 km shoreline

    Maritime claims: none (doubly landlocked)

    Climate: mostly midlatitude desert, long, hot summers, mild winters; semiarid grassland in east

    Terrain: mostly flat-to-rolling sandy desert with dunes; broad, flat intensely irrigated river valleys along course of Amu Darya, Sirdaryo (Syr Darya), and Zarafshon; Fergana Valley in east surrounded by mountainous Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan; shrinking Aral Sea in west

    Elevation extremes:
    lowest point: Sariqarnish Kuli -12 m
    highest point: Adelunga Toghi 4,301 m

    Natural resources: natural gas, petroleum, coal, gold, uranium, silver, copper, lead and zinc, tungsten, molybdenum

    Land use:
    arable land: 9%
    permanent crops: 1%
    permanent pastures: 46%
    forests and woodland: 3%
    other: 41% (1993 est.)

    Irrigated land: 40,000 sq km (1993 est.)

    Natural hazards: NA

    Environment—current issues: drying up of the Aral Sea is resulting in growing concentrations of chemical pesticides and natural salts; these substances are then blown from the increasingly exposed lake bed and contribute to desertification; water pollution from industrial wastes and the heavy use of fertilizers and pesticides is the cause of many human health disorders; increasing soil salination; soil contamination from agricultural chemicals, including DDT

    Environment—international agreements:
    party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection
    signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol

    Geography—note: along with Liechtenstein, one of the only two doubly landlocked countries in the world

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    Revised 1-Mar-99
    Copyright © 1999 Photius Coutsoukis (all rights reserved)