Economy - overview Bosnia and Herzegovina ranked next to The Former Yugoslav Republic ofMacedonia as the poorest republic in the old Yugoslav federation. Althoughagriculture has been almost all in private hands, farms have been small andinefficient, and the republic traditionally has been a net importer of food.Industry has been greatly overstaffed, one reflection of the rigidities ofcommunist central planning and management. TITO had pushed the developmentof military industries in the republic with the result that Bosnia hosteda large share of Yugoslavia's defense plants. The bitter interethnic warfarein Bosnia caused production to plummet by perhaps 90% since 1990, unemploymentto soar, and human misery to multiply. No reliable economic statistics for1992-96 are available, although output almost certainly is well below $1,000per head. In the Federation, unemployment remains in the 40%-50% range andinflation is low. By contrast, growth in the Republika Srpska in 1996 wasflat and inflation surpassed 30%. The country receives substantial amountsof humanitarian aid from the international community. Wide regional differencesin war damage and access to the outside world have resulted in substantialvariations in living conditions among local areas.

GDP purchasing power parity - $1.9 billion (1995 est.)

GDP - real growth rate NA%

GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $600 (1995 est.)

GDP - composition by sector
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA%
services: NA%

Inflation rate - consumer price index NA%

Labor force
total: 1,026,254
by occupation: NA%

Unemployment rate officially about 70% but probably much lower, perhaps 40%-50% (1996est.)

Budget
revenues: $NA
expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA

Industries steel, coal, iron ore, lead, zinc, manganese, bauxite, vehicle assembly,textiles, tobacco products, wooden furniture, tank and aircraft assembly, domestic appliances, oil refining; much of capacity damaged or shut down(1995)

Industrial production growth rate NA%

Electricity - capacity 3.991 million kW (1991)

Electricity - production 1.87 billion kWh (1994)

Electricity - consumption per capita 475 kWh (1995 est.)

Agriculture - products wheat, corn, fruits, vegetables; livestock

Exports
total value: $152 million (1995 est.)
commodities: NA
partners: NA

Imports
total value : $1.1 billion (1995 est.)
commodities: NA
partners: NA

Debt - external $3.5 billion (yearend 1995 est.)

Economic aid
recipient: ODA, $600 million (1996 est.)

Currency 1 dinar = 100 para; Croatian kuna used in Croat-held area; old and newSerbian dinars used in Serb-held area; the deutsche mark (DM) has supplantedlocal currencies throughout Bosnia

Exchange rates NA

Fiscal year calendar year

NOTE: The information regarding Bosnia and Herzegovina on this page is re-published from the 1997 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Bosnia and Herzegovina Economy 1997 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Bosnia and Herzegovina Economy 1997 should be addressed to the CIA.